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Background: Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Livingstone

NCBI PD Serovar Link for Serovar Livingstone: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pathogens/isolates/#(taxgroup_name:%22Salmonella%20enterica%22)%20AND%20computed_types:(%22serotype=Livingstone%22)

Geographical distribution: Serovar Livingstone has been .

Human outbreaks:

Year

Location

Associated Source

Number of Cases

2023-2024

US: Utah

Restaurant-related (no common source was identified)

11

2002




2001

Norway, Sweden

Processed fish products

44 in Norway, 16 In Sweden

1989-1991

Scotland

Not identified

71

Animal outbreaks:

Year

Location

Breed

Number of cases

1980UKCBA/ca mice601

1 Only mice under 3 weeks old exhibited symptoms of enteritis. They were treated orally with tetracycline, 10 g/L drinking water for 10 days.

Border rejections:

Year

Exporting country

Importing country

Associated source

Product category

2020USGreeceFish mealFeed materials

Recalls:

YearLocationRecalled foodType
2024SlovakiaRucola from ItalyFruits and vegetables
2020PolandHulled sesame seeds1Nuts, nut products and seeds

1 Salmonella Amsterdam and Salmonella Livingstone were found in sesame seeds from India, packed in Poland.

Relevant links:

  1. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38870481/
  2. https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/00222615-40-2-139
  3. https://www.jstor.org/stable/3865763?seq=1
  4. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1258/002367781780893812
  5. https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/rasff-window/screen/notification/429239
  6. https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/rasff-window/screen/notification/722139
  7. https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/rasff-window/screen/notification/433397


  1. Picton, W. H. A., et al. "A new salmonella type (Salm. livingstone)." The Journal of Pathology and Bacteriology 66.1 (1953): 310-312. https://doi.org/10.1002/path.1700660136
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