Background: Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Give (antigenic formula is a serovar of the O:4 (B) serogroup.
NCBI PD link for serovar Give: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pathogens/isolates/#(taxgroup_name:%22Salmonella%20enterica%22)%20AND%20computed_types:(%22serotype=Give%22)
Genetic characteristics:
Animal reservoir:
Geographical distribution: Serovar Give has been reported worldwide such as the UK and the US.
Human outbreaks:
Year | Location | Associated source | Number of cases |
| 2016 | Malta | Local food manufacturer1 | 36 |
| 2008 | France | Formula milk | 8 |
| 2004 | Germany | Raw pork mince | 115 |
1 Salmonella Give were found in packaged bean dips, ham, and pork.
Border rejections:
Year | Exporting country | Importing country | Associated source | Product category |
| 2023 | Belarus | Lithuania | Rapeseed expeller | Feed materials |
| 2021 | Brazil | Germany | Black pepper1 | Herbs and spices |
| 2021 | India | Netherlands | Turmeric powder 2% curcumine2 | Herbs and spices |
1 Salmonella Infantis and Give were both found.
2 Informing consignor and Distribution restricted to notifying country
Recalls:
| Year | Location | Recalled food | Type |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 | Czech Republic | Chilled duck with giblets from Hungary1 | Poultry meat and poultry meat products |
1 Product (presumably) was no longer on the market.
Relevant links:
- https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/epidemiology-and-infection/article/national-outbreak-of-salmonella-give-linked-to-a-local-food-manufacturer-in-malta-october-2016/F086A81E491E0272ABE4869A7C62DD60
- https://www.eurosurveillance.org/content/10.2807/ese.13.39.18994-en
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16088767/
- https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/rasff-window/screen/notification/609318
- https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/rasff-window/screen/notification/504801
- https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/rasff-window/screen/notification/471596
- https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/rasff-window/screen/notification/746029