Salmonella Bredeney

Background: Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Bredeney (antigenic formula 1,4,12,27:l,v:1,7 [z₄₀]) is a serovar of the O:4 (B) serogroup. Serovar Bredeney is a rare serovar, in the US, 405 cases were reported in humans between 1999-2009; in addition, 11 isolates were obtained from turkeys in the US during the same period. In Ireland, a different trend was observed, as it was reported as the third most common serovar during the years 1998-2000.

NCBI PD link for serovar Bredeney: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pathogens/isolates/#(taxgroup_name:%22Salmonella%20enterica%22)%20AND%20computed_types:(%22serotype=Bredeney%22)

Genetic characteristics: In the Netherlands one isolate of serovar Bredeney was reported to harbor an IncN plasmid carrying the qnr genes (quinolone resistance genes). Among 112 isolates collected in Ireland, a high proportion (74%) of isolates were susceptible to all antimicrobial agents tested, while 21% showed resistance to both sulfonamide and trimethoprim, and a single isolate (0.9%) exhibited resistance to multiple (five) antimicrobial agents.

Animal reservoir: Serovar Bredeney appeared to be associated with poultry, at least in Ireland it was associated with chicken; and in the US with turkey. It was also unfrequently isolated from cattle, and pigs.

Geographical distribution: This serovar has been reported only in North America, Australia, South Africa, Nigeria, and Europe.

Human outbreaks: Despite the fact that this is a rare serovar, multiple outbreaks have been reported. Below are a few examples.

Year	Location	Associated source	Number of cases
2012	US: Multistate	Peanut butter	42
1998	US: Alabama	Meat	170
1997	Ireland	Chicken	10
1995	Australia	Meat or chicken product	157

Border rejections: Multiple border rejections associated with serovar Bredeney have been reported. Here we selected two as examples.

Year	Exporting country	Importing country	Associated source	Product category
2021	Turkey	Finland	Potato seasoning¹	Herbs and spices
2020	Slovenia	Italy	Frozen kebab²	Poultry meat and poultry meat products

¹ Salmonella Bredeney and Salmonella Montevideo were both found.

² Salmonella Bredeney and Salmonella Infantis were both found.

Recalls: Multiple recalls associated with serovar Bredeney have been reported. Here we selected one as an example.

Year	Location	Recalled food	Type
2012	US: multistate	Peanut butter¹	Nuts, nut products and seeds

¹ Trader Joe’s Valencia Peanut Butter, manufactured by Sunland, Inc. of Portales, New Mexico, was the recalled product. This recall was caused by a multistate outbreak described above.

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Salmonella Bredeney