Salmonella Sandiego

Background: Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Sandiego (antigenic formula 1,4,[5],12:e,h:e,n,z15) is a serovar of the O:4 (B) serogroup. Serovar Sandiego oldest verified isolation was in 1929 in Denmark. This serovar was also isolated from turkey-processing plants in the USA in the 1960's. Although there has been a limited number of research on Salmonella Sandiego, human infections caused by Salmonella Sandiego have been reported, such as a post-traumatic chronic subdural haematoma in an alcoholic heavy drinker patient, and a prevertebral neck abscess in a type 2 diabetes mellitus patient.

NCBI PD link for serovar Sandiego: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pathogens/isolates/#(taxgroup_name:%22Salmonella%20enterica%22)%20AND%20computed_types:(%22serotype=Sandiego%22)

Animal reservoir: Serovar Sandiego has been found in small turtles and their environments. A 1951 case report from Canada mentions that it is also found in birds. This serovar has also been found in dogs. Swine slaughterhouse or turkey-processing environment have been reported as isolation sources of serovar Sandiego.

Geographical distribution: Serovar Sandiego has been found in the United States and Canada, and, reportedly, also in Uruguay and Denmark.

Outbreaks: Several outbreaks have been associated with S. Sandiego, mostly associated with small pet turtles. There was a report on an outbreak of food poisoning with approximately 200 cases in California in 1938. Two isolates of Salmonella Sandiego were obtained from this outbreak.

Year	Location	Associated Source	Number of Cases
2018	US-multistate	Spring Pasta Salad	101
2015	US-multistate	Pet turtles	17
2015	US-multistate	Pet turtles	21
2012-2013	US-multistate	Pet turtles	473

Border Rejections:

Year	Location	Associated Source	Number of Cases
2022	Italy	Frozen minced poultry from Poland	NA

Relevant links and references:

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Salmonella Sandiego