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Created by
user-9b773, last updated by Brad Yang on May 19, 2025
1 minute read
Background: Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Panama (antigenic formula 1,9,12:l,v:1,5:[R1…]) is a serovar of the O:9 (D1) serogroup.
NCBI PD link for serovar Panama: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pathogens/isolates/#(taxgroup_name:%22Salmonella%20enterica%22)%20AND%20computed_types:(%22serotype=Panama%22)
Genetic characteristics:
Animal reservoir:
Geographical distribution: Serovar Panama has been widely distributed globally.
Human outbreaks: Multiple human outbreaks linked to serovar Panama have been reported. Below are some example.
Year | Location | Associated source | Number of cases |
|---|---|---|---|
2023 | US: KY | Not reported | 9 |
2017 | Costa Rica | Not identified | 5 |
2015-2016 | Taiwan | Not identified | 41 |
2011 | US: multistate | Cantaloupes from Guatemala | 20 |
2001 | US: TX | Barbeque chicken | 109 |
1931 | Panama | Not identified | About 40 |
Border rejections:
Year | Exporting country | Importing country | Associated source | Product category |
| 2020 | Brazil | Germany | Black pepper1 | Herbs and spices |
1 Salmonella Infantis and Panama were found.
Recalls:
| Year | Location | Recalled product | Type |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2011 | US: multistate | Cantaloupes1 | Fruits and vegetables |
1 This recall was caused by a multistate outbreak described above. Del Monte issued a recall of nearly 60,000 cantaloupes that were grown and shipped from the Del Monte Fresh farm Asuncion Mita in Guatemala.
Relevant links:
- https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6704606/
- https://outbreakdatabase.com/outbreaks/2023-outbreak-of-salmonella-panama-infections-associated-with-a-food-truck-kentucky
- https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6385320/
- https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0929664621003144
- https://archive.cdc.gov/#/details?url=https://www.cdc.gov/salmonella/2011/cantaloupes-6-23-2011.html
- https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC120641/
- https://academic.oup.com/jid/article-abstract/55/2/224/903312
- https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/rasff-window/screen/notification/446128
- https://marlerclark.com/news_events/del-monte-fresh-produce-cantaloupe-salmonella-outbreak-2