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Background: Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Montevideo (antigenic formula 6,7,14:g,m,[p],s:[1,2,7]) is a serovar of the O:7 (C1) serogroup. S. Montevideo is the sixth most common serovar isolated from humans and animals in the U.S. Outbreaks caused by S. Montevideo have been associated with imported spices and live poultry. Whole genome sequencing of a number of S. Montevideo strains have been conducted, including an study that identified one strain with two large plasmids that encoded antimicrobial and heavy metal resistance genes.  

Animal reservoir: Cattle and chickens are common reservoirs of S. Montevideo. This serovar has also been found in dogs.

Geographical distribution: S. Montevideo is globally distributed. It has been reported, among the most common serovars, in the U.S., Europe, Latin America, Asia, and Oceania

Outbreaks: Numerous outbreaks in different countries have been linked to serovar Montevideo, nuts have been associated with several of these outbreaks. Below are some examples. 

Year

Location

Associated source

Number of cases

2020-2021CanadaRestaurant kitchen drainage system67
2018US: multistateRaw sprouts10
2016US: multistatePistachios111

2013

US: multistate

Tahini2

16

2012

US: multistate

Live poultry

93

2009-2010

US: multistate

Red and black pepper/Italian-style meats3

272

2010

Germany

Dietary food supplement

15

2002

Australia & New Zealand

Tahini

68

2002

Japan

Lunch prepared by caterer

23

1995-1996

UK

Supermarket hot food outlet

NA

1 There were a total of 11 people infected with the outbreak strains of Salmonella Montevideo (9 cases) and Senftenberg (2 cases) reported from nine states.

2 Salmonella Montevideo (4 cases) and Mbandaka (12 cases) infections were reported from nine states.

3 Eleven people were infected by Salmonella Senftenberg. These 11 cases were not included in the overall case count (272). 

Border rejections: Multiple border rejections associated with serovar Montevideo have been reported. Below are some examples.

Year

Exporting country

Importing country

Associated source

Product category

2024FranceItalyRabbit meal for petfood productionAnimal by-products
2024Turkey GermanyDog chew1Pet food
2024TurkeyFinlandCurry powder2Herbs and spices
2021TurkeyFinlandPotato seasoning3Herbs and spices

1 Salmonella Anatum, Brancaster and Montevideo were found.

2 Salmonella Abony and Montevideo were found.

3 Salmonella Bredeney and Montevideo were found. 

Recalls: Multiple recalls associated with serovar Montevideo have been reported. Below are some examples.

YearLocationRecalled foodType
2024EU: multi-countryHummus from Belgium  Nuts, nut products and seeds
2024GermanyDog chews from FranceFeed materials
2023GermanySesame paste from TurkeyNuts, nut products and seeds
2023EU: multi-countryOrganic tahini from Germany, made with raw material from TurkeyNuts, nut products and seeds
2016US-multistate, Mexico, Canada, PeruPistachios1Nuts, nut products and seeds

1 Wonderful Pistachios of Lost Hills, California issued a voluntary recalled. The recalled pistachios, distributed under the Wonderful, Paramount Farms, and Trader Joe’s brands, were sold across the US as well as in Canada, Mexico, and Peru.

Relevant links:

  1. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0362028X23068151
  2. https://archive.cdc.gov/#/details?url=https://www.cdc.gov/salmonella/montevideo-01-18/index.html
  3. https://archive.cdc.gov/www_cdc_gov/salmonella/montevideo-03-16/index.html
  4. https://archive.cdc.gov/#/details?url=https://www.cdc.gov/salmonella/montevideo-tahini-05-13/index.html
  5. https://archive.cdc.gov/#/details?url=https://www.cdc.gov/salmonella/montevideo-06-12/index.html
  6. https://www.eurosurveillance.org/content/10.2807/ese.16.50.20040-en
  7. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2870340/
  8. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12501260/
  9. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10491878/
  10. https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/rasff-window/screen/notification/723009
  11. https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/rasff-window/screen/notification/702610
  12. https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/rasff-window/screen/notification/685839
  13. https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/rasff-window/screen/notification/473167
  14. https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/rasff-window/screen/notification/726067
  15. https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/rasff-window/screen/notification/657396
  16. https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/rasff-window/screen/notification/607162
  17. https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/rasff-window/screen/notification/603115
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