Salmonella Mississippi

Background: Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Mississippi (antigenic formula 1,13,23:b:1,5) is a serovar of the O:13 (G) serogroup. This serovar was initially identified in 1943 after being isolated from a food handler's stool sample in Mississippi, US. In the US, serovar Mississippi ranked as the 14th most prevalent serovar in human clinical cases in 2016, whereas in Tasmania, it is the second most common, responsible for 37% of all nontyphoidal salmonellosis cases in the state. In Australia, exposure to contaminated drinking water and wildlife contact have been documented as transmission routes for serovar Mississippi infections, while in US, the infections are primarily linked to animal contact. Chui et al. reported a case of left renal abscess and gram-negative sepsis associated with Salmonella Mississippi infection. 

NCBI PD link for serovar Mississippi: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pathogens/isolates/#(taxgroup_name:%22Salmonella%20enterica%22)%20AND%20computed_types:(%22serotype=Mississippi%22)

Genetic characteristics: den Bakker et al. and Miller et al. suggested that serovar Mississippi was likely to be polyphyletic. 

Animal reservoir: Unknown, but according to the metadata from NCBI PD, serovar Mississippi was isolated from wild animals such as turtles, and birds (Porphyrio hochstetteri). 

Geographical distribution: Cheng et al. found that serovar Mississippi were endemic in Australia, the United Kingdom, and the United States. According to the metadata from NCBI PD, this serovar has been reported in other countries such as Chile and Bermuda. 

Human outbreaks:

Border rejections: There have been no recent border rejections linked to this serovar.

Recalls: There have been no recent recalls linked to this serovar.

Relevant links:

1. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.3181/00379727-54-14395
2. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8550085/
3. https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/aac.02012-17
4. https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/25/9/18-1811_article
5. https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/epidemiology-and-infection/article/salmonella-mississippi-infections-in-tasmania-the-role-of-native-australian-animals-and-untreated-drinking-water/195BDF776A0BCE5D88A798AB59C0D4F1
6. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7168582/
7. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214442022002091
8. https://bmcgenomics.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2164-12-425
9. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27999166/
10. https://www.foodsafetynews.com/2022/08/fda-reports-new-outbreak-of-salmonella-infections-source-of-pathogen-unknown/