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Created by
YeonJin Jung, last updated by Brad Yang on Mar 24, 2025
1 minute read
Background: Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Johannesburg (antigenic formula: 1,40:b:e,n,x) is a serovar of the O:40 (R) serogroup.
NCBI PD link for serovar Johannesburg: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pathogens/isolates/#(taxgroup_name:%22Salmonella%20enterica%22)%20AND%20computed_types:(%22serotype=Johannesburg%22)
Genetic characteristics:
Animal reservoir:
Geographical distribution:
Human outbreaks:
Year | Location | Associated source | Number of cases |
| 2024 | US: multistate | Backyard poultry1 | 470 |
| 2011 | US: multistate | Chicks and ducklings | 28 |
| 1974 | China: Hong Kong | Hospital-associated2 | 46 |
1 Salmonella Altona, Cerro, Enteritidis, Indiana, Infantis, Johannesburg, Mbandaka, and Typhimurium were involved.
2 Suspected. No common vehicle could be identified as the source of infection.
Border rejections:
Year | Exporting country | Importing country | Associated source | Product category |
| 2020 | Poland | Slovakia | Minced meat preparation | Meat and meat products (other than poultry) |
Recalls:
| Year | Location | Recalled food | Type |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2021 | Germany | Tiger nut flour | Other food product / mixed |
Relevant links:
- https://www.cdc.gov/salmonella/outbreaks/backyardpoultry-05-24/investigation.html
- https://archive.cdc.gov/www_cdc_gov/salmonella/2011/chicks-ducklings-10-6-2011.html#:~:text=Outbreak%20Summary&text=The%20first%20was%20an%20outbreak,had%20a%20similar%20geographic%20distribution.
- https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2129741/
- https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/rasff-window/screen/notification/444589
- https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/rasff-window/screen/notification/512070