Salmonella IV 48:g,z51:-

Background: Salmonella enterica subsp. houtenae serovar 48:g,z₅₁:- (antigenic formula: 48:g,z₅₁:-) is a serovar of the O:48 (Y) serogroup. This serovar was also known as serovar IV Marina. Serovar IV 48:g,z51:- was reported to cause diarrhea in two infants in Indiana, US, in 1990, with iguanas (lizards) identified as the carrier. This serovar has been frequently linked to reptile-associated salmonellosis. One study pointed out that 26 (81%) of 32 patients infected by serovar IV Marina were infants in the US in 1994. Severe diseases such as sepsis and bacteremia have also been reported in children. 

NCBI PD link for serovar IV 48:g,z51:-: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pathogens/isolates/#(taxgroup_name:%22Salmonella%20enterica%22)%20AND%20computed_types:(%22serotype=IV%2048:g,z51:-%22)

Genetic characteristics:

Animal reservoir:

Geographical distribution: Based on the NCBI PD metadata, serovar IV 48:g,z₅₁:- has only been reported in Europe, Brazil, and North America including the US, Canada, and Mexico. 

West Indies study also isolated serovar IV 48 from  Wild and Domestic Green Iguanas (Iguana iguana) 

Human outbreaks: Unclear, but there have been no recent human outbreaks linked to this serovar. 

Border rejections: There have been no recent border rejections linked to this serovar.

Recalls: There have been no recent recalls linked to this serovar.

Relevant links:

1. https://www.pasteur.fr/sites/default/files/veng_0.pdf
2. https://www.cdc.gov/Mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00015963.htm
3. https://publications.aap.org/pediatrics/article-abstract/99/3/399/67501/Iguanas-and-Salmonella-Marina-Infection-in?redirectedFrom=fulltext
4. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14668712/