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Created by
Brad Yang, last updated on Mar 17, 2025
1 minute read
Background:
Although several papers describe Salmonella enterica subsp. arizonae, they do not provide sufficient information at the serovar level. For instance, Mahajan et al. reported a fatal case of Salmonella enterica subsp. arizonae gastroenteritis in an infant with microcephaly; however, they only mentioned the isolation of S. enterica subsp. arizonae without specifying the serovar. As a result, we cannot include this information in our Wiki. In the US, among non-subsp. enterica serovars, both serovar IIIa 18:z4,z23:- and IIIa 41:z4,z23:- are most frequently linked to human illness, with each serovar contributing to 10–20 cases annually.
NCBI PD link for serovar IIIa 41:z4,z23:-: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pathogens/isolates/#(taxgroup_name:%22Salmonella%20enterica%22)%20AND%20computed_types:(%22serotype=IIIa%2041:z4,z23:-%22)
Genetic characteristics: Serovar IIIa 41:z4,z23:- is highly polyphyletic, with five lineages identified.
Animal reservoir: Unknown; however, based on host information from the NCBI PD metadata, serovar IIIa 41:z4,z23:- has primarily been isolated from dogs and wild animals, such as snakes and birds (Pelecanus erythrorhynchos). Additionally, two isolates were collected from chicken (n=1) and turkey (n=1), respectively.
Geographical distribution: Serovar IIIa 41:z4,z23:- has been reported in the US, Canada, and Europe including Germany, Ireland, and the UK.
Human outbreaks: Not clear, at least no recent human outbreaks linked to this serovar have been reported.
Border rejections: There have been no recent border rejections linked to this serovar.
Recalls: There have been no recent recalls linked to this serovar.
Relevant links: