Salmonella Anatum

Background: Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Anatum (antigenic formula 3,{10}{15}{15,34}:e,h:1,6:[z64]) is a serovar of the O:3,10 (E1) serogroup. Serovar Anatum was first isolated from ducklings in the United States in 1920 by Rettger and Scoville. Serovar Anatum has been reported as one of the top 20 Salmonella serotypes in the United States.

NCBI PD link for serovar Anatum: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pathogens/isolates/#(taxgroup_name:%22Salmonella%20enterica%22)%20AND%20computed_types:(%22serotype=Anatum%22)

Genetic characteristics: Feng et al. concluded that a Salmonella Anatum outbreak in Taiwan was caused by a multidrug-resistant clone possessing bla_CMY-2–carrying plasmid (90-kb IncA/C plasmid). They also found that the entire collection of clinical Salmonella Anatum isolates belonged to sequence type 64, as determined by MLST. Zhao et al. revealed that the mutations found in the phage-resistant Anatum strains were associated with several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to membrane components.

Animal reservoir: Serovar Anatum was found primarily in cattle but was also present in other livestock such as chicken, turkey, sheep, and pigs. Dogs and horses are also potential reservoirs.

Geographical distribution: Serovar Anatum has been reported worldwide such as the US, China, and South Africa.

Human outbreaks: Multiple human outbreaks associated with serovar Anatum have been reported. A few examples are shown below.

Year	Location	Associated source	Number of cases
2017	US: multistate	Imported maradol papayas	20
2016	US: multistate	Imported Anaheim pepper	32
2015	Taiwan	Pork and poultry	Unknown

Border Rejections: Numerous border rejections associated with serovar Anatum have been reported. Here we selected two as examples.

Year	Exporting country	Importing country	Associated source	Product category
2024	Turkey	Germany	Dog chew¹	Pet food
2020	US	Greece	Fish meal	Feed materials

¹ Three serovars including serovar Anatum, Brancaster and Montevideo were found.

Recalls:

Year	Location	Associated source	Type
2017	US: multistate	Maradol papayas from Mexico¹	Fruit

¹ This recall was resulted by one of four separate multistate outbreaks identified in 2017 related to imported Maradol papayas from four different farms in Mexico. The recalled papayas, which were labeled by the packer Frutas Selectas de Tijuana, Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico, were distributed to markets in California from August 10 to 29, 2017.

Relevant links and references:

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Salmonella Anatum