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A theoretical model is used to model hydraulic flocculation in the flocculator. The model was first developed by Dr. Monroe Weber-Shirk and was subsequently updated as more empirical data became available. The model predicts the amount of mixing, which is the product of shear and residence time, required to achieve a given floc size, based on the concentrations of kaolin clay and aluminum sulfate in the feed. The model also calculates the maximum shear that a floc can withstand as a function of how much mixing it has gone through, based on the empirically-determined shear strength of aluminum sulfate flocs.