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Background information:Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Bareilly (antigenic formula antigenic formula 6,7,14:y:1,5) is a serovar of the O:7 (C1C1) serogroup. Other than being derived from animal samples described below, serovar Bareilly has also been associated with outbreaks involving bean sprouts in the UK, powdered egg products in the Czech Republic and Slovakia, imported frozen raw yellowfin tuna product in the US, and has been isolated from cucumbers in the US, curry powder, nut, nuts products and seed, fruits and vegetables, herbs and spices from India and herbs and spices from Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Salmonella Bareilly isolates on NCBI Pathogen Detection.
This serovar was first isolated from a paratyphoid case in India in 1928. Serovar Bareilly has consistently ranked among the top 20 most common serovars isolated from clinical salmonellosis cases in the United States.
NCBI PD link for serovar Bareilly: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pathogens/isolates/#taxgroup_name:(%22Salmonella%20enterica%22)%20AND%20computed_types:(%22serotype=Bareilly%22)
Genetic characteristics: Serovar Bareilly has been found to be polyphyletic with four lineages identified and one stand-alone singleton that doesn't cluster with any other Salmonella Bareilly isolates. Park et al. analyzed a total of 31 Bareilly isolates from various food-borne outbreaks in South Korea between 2014 and 2018 and revealed two major groups (A and B) each with two subgroups (A1, A2/B1, B2). Their comparative biofilm formation assay found that A group strain GG-07 has lower biofilm formation activity than B group strain GG-21. All 31 isolates have high susceptibility to 17 tested antibioticsGenetic characteristics: According to the EU One Health Zoonoses Report, in 2019, out of 22 Strathcona isolates, only one exhibited high-level resistance to ciprofloxacin, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ≥ 4 mg/L. Strathcona sequence type (ST) 2559 has been linked to a prolonged multi-country outbreak associated with the consumption of tomatoes in the European Union, European Economic Area, and the UK.
Animal reservoir: Serovar Strathcona Bareilly has been found in wild boar, cattle, dogs, and laying hens a wide range of hosts including cattle, sheep, chicken, pigs, and wild animals.
Geographical distribution: Serovar Strathcona Bareilly has been reported in European countries, such as Denmark, Germany, the UK, and Italy, as well as in the US. worldwide.
Human outbreaksOutbreaks:
| Year | Location | Associated source | Number of cases | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2017-2018 | Czech Republic & Slovakia | powdered eggs | 325 | |
| 2012 | United States | US: multistate | Imported imported frozen raw yellowfin tuna | 410 |
| 2010 | United Kingdom | Bean sprouts | 190 |
Border rejections:
Year | Exporting country | Importing country | Associated source | Product category |
| 2022 | India | Germany | Sesame seeds | Nuts, nut products and seeds |
| 2021 | India | Finland | Frozen green beans | Fruits and vegetables |
Recalls:
| Year | Location | Recalled food | Type |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2022 | Finland | Curry powder from India | Herbs and spices |
| 2021 | Slovenia | Turmeric from Bosnia and Herzegovina1 | Herbs and spices |
| 2020 | Poland | Nigella seeds from India2 | Herbs and spices |
1 Salmonella Bareilly and Bacillus cereus (enterotoxin) were both found.
2 Measures including heat treatment and reinforced checking were taken.
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- https://archive.cdc.gov/#/details?url=https://www.cdc.gov/salmonella/bareilly-04-12/index.html
- https://www.foodsafetynews.com/2010/09/sprouts-named-as-cause-for-s-bareilly-outbreak-in-uk/
- https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/rasff-window/screen/notification/
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