Salmonella Paratyphi B

Background: Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Paratyphi B (antigenic formula 1,4,[5],12:b:1,2) is a serovar of the O:4 (B) serogroup. Serovar Paratyphi B can be classified by its ability to ferment tartrate. Serovar Paratyphi B (tartrate negative) is associated with paratyphoid fever and infections with this serovar are not common in the US. Serovar Paratyphi B (tartrate positive), formerly serovar Java, is associated with gastroenteritis and can also be written as serovar Paratyphi B var. L(+) tartrate+. 

NCBI PD link for serovar Paratyphi B: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pathogens/isolates/#(taxgroup_name:%22Salmonella%20enterica%22)%20AND%20computed_types:(%22serotype=Paratyphi%20B%22)

NCBI PD link for serovar Paratyphi B var. L(+) tartrate+: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pathogens/isolates/#(taxgroup_name:%22Salmonella%20enterica%22)%20AND%20computed_types:(%22serotype=Paratyphi%20B%20var.%20L(+)%20tartrate+%22)

Animal reservoir: Serovar Paratyphi B is almost exclusively host restricted to humans and closely related anthropoids. Serovar Paratyphi B var. Java has been found in dogs. 

Geographical distribution: Serovar Paratyphi B has been found in the United States, South America, Iraq, and U.K.

Outbreaks: Several outbreaks have been associated with S. Paratyphi B.

Relevant links and references:

1. https://ndc.services.cdc.gov/case-definitions/salmonella-paratyphi-infection-2019/
2. https://www.oftlaw.com/current-outbreaks/october-2020-salmonella-paratyphi-b-outbreak/
3. https://www.foodsafetynews.com/tag/salmonella-paratyphi-b/
4. https://www.health.state.mn.us/news/pressrel/2020/salmonella100920.html
5. https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/salmonella-enterica-serovar-paratyphi-b
6. https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/mgen/10.1099/mgen.0.000940
7. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2514109/
8. https://doi.org/10.1111/zph.13174