Background: Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Stanley (antigenic formula: 1,4,[5],12,[27]:d:1,2) is a serovar of the O:4 (B) serogroup. S. Stanley is commonly associated with human clinical infections in South East Asia, which appears to have spread to Europe. Initial cases in Denmark were associated with patients that traveled to Thailand; however, multiple outbreaks in Europe associated with different sources (poultry, cheese, alfalfa sprouts) suggest that S. Stanley is also found in Europe. In Asia, cases have been found in children under the age of 5. Multidrug resistant strains that encode extended spectrum beta-lactamases (enzymes that confer resistance to third generation cephalosporin) have been reported in clinical cases in Asia and Europe.
Animal reservoir: Pork was found to be the source of S. Stanley in Thailand, but outbreaks associated with turkey indicate that turkey is also a reservoir.
Geographical distribution: S. Stanley is prevalent in Asia, this serovar has been reported in Thailand, Taiwan, Japan, and Malaysia. In Europe, cases reported in Denmark were attributed to traveling to Asia.
Human outbreaks:
Year | Location | Associated source | Number of cases |
| 2020 | US (Multistate) | Wood Ear Mushrooms | 55 |
2013-14 | US-multistate | Raw cashew cheese | 14 |
2011-13 | EU-multi-country | Turkey | 710 |
2007 | Sweden | Alfalfa sprouts | 51 |
2006-07 | Switzerland | Soft cheese | 82 |
2004 | Australia | Unknown | 33 |
2001 | UK (Newport & Stanley) | Peanuts | 109 |
Border rejections: There have been no recent border rejections linked to this serovar.
Recalls:
| Year | Location | Recalled food | Type |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2022 | Finland, Denmark | Dried fungus from Vietnam, via Netherlands | Fruits and vegetables |
| 2020 | US: CA | Dried fungus1 | Fruits and vegetables |
| 2013 | US: CA | Raw cashew cheese2 | Milk and milk products |
1 This recall was caused by a multistate outbreak described above. On September 23, 2020, Wismettac Asian Foods, Inc., Santa Fe Springs, CA issued a voluntary recall for Shirakiku brand imported dried fungus (aka. Kikurage or Black Fungus).
2 This recall was caused by a multistate outbreak described above. On December 31, 2013, Cultured Kitchen of West Sacramento, California voluntarily issued a recall of all six flavors of its raw cashew cheese.
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