Background: Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Give (antigenic formula is a serovar of the O:4 (B) serogroup. This serovar has been reported to cause brain abscess and bacteremia in a 3-year old female child. Serovar Give was associated with a cattle outbreak, but further details regarding the incident are unavailable.

NCBI PD link for serovar Give: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pathogens/isolates/#(taxgroup_name:%22Salmonella%20enterica%22)%20AND%20computed_types:(%22serotype=Give%22)

Genetic characteristics: In a Venezuela study, the blaTEM-1 and blaSHV-12 genes were identified in S. Give SG9611, while blaTEM-1 and blaCTX-M-2 were found in the other three strains: S. Give SG9811, S. Heidelberg SH7511, and SH7911. Notably, the qnrB19 gene was detected in all four strains, irrespective of their origin or serovars.

Animal reservoir: Unknown but serovar Give has previously been isolated in livestock such as cattle, pigs, and exotic animals such as camels.

Geographical distribution: Serovar Give has been reported worldwide such as the UK and the US. 

Human outbreaks:

Year

Location

Associated source

Number of cases

2022GreeceRoasted pork10
2016MaltaLocal food manufacturer136
2008FranceFormula milk8
2004GermanyRaw pork mince115

1 Salmonella Give were found in packaged bean dips, ham, and pork. 

Border rejections:

Year

Exporting country

Importing country

Associated source

Product category

2023BelarusLithuaniaRapeseed expellerFeed materials
2021BrazilGermanyBlack pepper1Herbs and spices
2021IndiaNetherlandsTurmeric powder 2% curcumine2Herbs and spices

1 Salmonella Infantis and Give were both found. 

2 Informing consignor and Distribution restricted to notifying country

Recalls:

YearLocationRecalled foodType
2025Czech RepublicChilled duck with giblets from Hungary1Poultry meat and poultry meat products

1 Product (presumably) was no longer on the market. 

Relevant links:

  1. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38176586/
  2. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/5464488/
  3. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24187555/
  4. https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/epidemiology-and-infection/article/national-outbreak-of-salmonella-give-linked-to-a-local-food-manufacturer-in-malta-october-2016/F086A81E491E0272ABE4869A7C62DD60
  5. https://www.eurosurveillance.org/content/10.2807/ese.13.39.18994-en
  6. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16088767/
  7. https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/rasff-window/screen/notification/609318
  8. https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/rasff-window/screen/notification/504801
  9. https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/rasff-window/screen/notification/471596
  10. https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/rasff-window/screen/notification/746029