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NCBI PD link for serovar Liverpool: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pathogens/isolates/#(taxgroup_name:%22Salmonella%20enterica%22)%20AND%20computed_types:(%22serotype=Liverpool%22)
Genetic characteristics: In an Serovar Liverpool has been found to be polyphyletic with one lineage identified and one stand-alone singleton that does not cluster with any other Salmonella Liverpool isolates. In an Algerian study, serovar Liverpool isolates they identified belong to sequence types ST1959. Due to the limited genetic characteristics available for this serovar, here, we also incorporated relevant phenotypic characteristics. Estrada and Harris found that serovar Liverpool strain A (persistent) in their study produced a robust biofilm. Amongst all the isolates Obe et al. tested with MIC QAC of 6.25 ppm before exposure, they found that compared to Kentucky and Enteritidis isolates (2-fold), serovar Liverpool isolate had the highest increment (3-fold) in MIC.
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1 Investigation is still ongoing.
Border Rejectionsrejections:
Year | Exporting country | Importing country | Associated source | Product category |
| 2024 | Denmark | Norway | Fish meal1 | Feed materials |
| 2023 | Spain | Italy | Processed animal proteins (SOA cat.3) | Feed materials |
| 2022 | China | Sweden | Crayfish (Procambarus clarckii) | Crustaceans and products thereof |
| 2021 | Uganda | Germany | Sesame seeds | Nuts, nut products and seeds |
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- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37003534/
- https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/microbiology/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2025.1547190/full#h10
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38502796/
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38493873/
- https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1056617121000581
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17257247/
- https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0032579120303540
- https://www.foodsafetynews.com/2024/10/new-outbreak-of-salmonella-infections-detected-other-investigations-continue/
- https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/rasff-window/screen/notification/683485
- https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/rasff-window/screen/notification/636000
- https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/rasff-window/screen/notification/565571
- https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/rasff-window/screen/notification/461211
- https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/rasff-window/screen/notification/718210
- https://www.foodsafetynews.com/2016/10/fda-warnings-seafood-issues-and-salmonella-in-pistachios/
- https://www.cidrap.umn.edu/e-coli/news-scan-salmonellosis-live-chicks-response-2011-euro-e-coli-crisis-salmonella-dog-food