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Genetic characteristics: Serovar Rubislaw has been found to be polyphyletic with two phylogenetic groups lineages identified. Serovar Rubislaw is typically not associated with multidrug-resistant (MDR) clinical infections in humans. However, in a survey of equine clinical isolates submitted to veterinary hospital in the Southern U.S., 4 out of 12 S. Rubislaw isolates examined in the study showed phenotypic resistance to several antibiotics routinely surveilled by the U.S. National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System (NARMS), including ampicillin, cetiofur, ceftriaxone, gentamicin, sulfisoxazole, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.
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Border Rejections: Numerous border rejections associated with black pepper exported from Brazil were issued by Germany during 2020-2021. Some examples are list below:
| Year | Exporting Country | Importing Country |
|---|
| Associated source |
|---|
| Product category | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2021 | Brazil | Germany | Black pepper | Herbs and spices |
| 2020 | Brazil | Germany | Black pepper | Herbs and spices |
Recalls: There have been no recent recalls linked to this serovar.
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