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Background: Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Rissen (antigenic formula 6,7,14:f,g:-) is a serovar of the O:7 (C1) serogroup. This serovar was first isolated from HOST in LOCATION in YEAR. Serovar nomenclating by Rohde & Tiedje during early 1960s. In Japan, Kaneko reported the first isolate of S. Rissen from patients with sporadic diarrhea was found during the period from April 1985 to December 1994 in Yamanashi Prefecture. Recently, serovar Rissen is the 4th most common nontyphoidal nontyphoidal Salmonella serovar isolated from human infections in Thailand.
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Genetic characteristics: Serovar Rissen has been found to be polyphyletic with three lineages identified and one stand-alone singleton that does not cluster with any other Salmonella Rissen isolates. Serovar Rissen ST469 has been found worldwide, in countries such as as Thailand, China, and Italy. This sequence type is the most common ST for serovar Rissen. ST8877 has been isolated from a cracked table egg in Sudan.
Pornsukarom et al. reported that all Thai Rissen isolates in their study were multidrug-resistant and more than 90% were resistant to ampicillin, sulfisoxazole, tetracycline and streptomycin. Conversely, half of the Salmonella Rissen isolates in the USA were pan-sensitive while some were resistant to only tetracycline. Wang et al. observed that Salmonella Rissen human isolates (anal swabs or feces) had the common resistance profile: ampicillin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and tetracycline; resistance were conferred by blaTEM, tetA, and sul3, respectively. A study from India from India reported on multidrug-resistant Salmonella Rissen strains (resistant to nalidixic acid, sulfamethizole, and carbanicillin) isolated from seafood in Cochin, India. Moreover, Spanish Salmonella Rissen isolated from live mussels carried mcr-1 gene and other antimicrobial resistance genes (aac(6')-Iaa, aadA1, aadA2, blaTEM-1B, cmlA1, sul1, sul3, tet(A), and dfrA1).
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Geographical distribution: Serotype Rissen has been reported especially in Asian countries such as Thailand, Vietnam, China, Japan, and India, but it has also been found in Italy, France, Spain.
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Year | Exporting country | Importing country | Associated source | Product category |
| 2024 | Denmark | Finland | Feed materials | |
| 2022 | Spain | Belgium | Feed materials | |
| 2022 | Ukraine | Germany | Feed materials | |
| 2020 | Spain | Switzerland | Meat and meat products (other than poultry) | |
| 2020 | Belgium | Austria | Dog feed2 | Pet food |
1 Salmonella Rissen and Muenster were found.
2 Salmonella Rissen and monophasic Typhimurium were found.
Recalls:
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2 This recall was caused by a multistate human outbreak linked to several Salmonella serovars, including Rissen, linked to pig ears treats for dogs.
Relevant links:1.
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- https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/microbiology/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2025.1547190/full
- https://www.veterinaryworld.org/Vol.16/May-2023/6.html
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