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Geographical distribution: Serovar Typhimurium is globaly distributed. In multiple locations (i.e., U.S., Europe, Africa and Latin America), it is reported as the second most common Salmonella serovar in humans. In Australia, it is the most common serovar in humans. In Asia, it is among the ten most common serovars in humans globally distributed. During the study period from 2001 to 2007, Salmonella Typhimurium were the second most prevalent Salmonella serovars isolated from human in most regions, except in North America and Oceania (Australia and New Zealand). In these two regions, Salmonella Typhimurium was the most frequently reported in humans. Among human Salmonella isolates, serovar Typhimurium accounted for 17.1% of cases (ranging from 15% in 2007 to 18.9% in 2001).

Human outbreaks: Numerous outbreaks have been associated with S. Typhimurium. Human outbreaks have been linked to a number of foods and to contact with animals (chicks, ducklings, and other live animals). Below are some examples.

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³ This recall was caused by a multistate outbreak described above. Peanut Corporation of America’s Blakely, GA and TX issued a recall of their commercially distributed peanut butter.

Relevant links:

1. https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/fpd.2010.0787?url_ver=Z39.88-2003&rfr_id=ori:rid:crossref.org&rfr_dat=cr_pub%20%200pubmed
2. https://www.cdc.gov/salmonella/outbreaks/cucumbers-11-24/index.html
3. https://www.cdc.gov/salmonella/outbreaks/backyardpoultry-05-24/investigation.html#:~:text=As%20of%20June%2020%2C%202024,No%20deaths%20have%20been%20reported.
4. https://www.food-safety.com/articles/10195-salmonella-outbreak-linked-to-sprouts-sickened-509-people-over-two-years-in-ten-european-countries
5. https://archive.cdc.gov/www_cdc_gov/salmonella/typhimurium-02-18/index.html
6. https://archive.cdc.gov/www_cdc_gov/salmonella/typhimurium-03-18/index.html
7. https://archive.cdc.gov/www_cdc_gov/salmonella/typhimurium-live-poultry-04-13/index.html
8. https://marlerclark.com/macomb-county-salmonella-outbreak-traced-to-ground-beef#:~:text=At%20least%2022%20people%20from,for%20Disease%20Control%20and%20Prevention.
9. https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/ottawa/salmonella-found-in-ottawa-caterer-s-ground-beef-1.1150870#:~:text=Social%20Sharing,week%20while%20the%20investigation%20continues.
10. https://archive.cdc.gov/www_cdc_gov/salmonella/typhimurium-hedgehogs-09-12/index.html#:~:text=of%20this%20outbreak.-,A%20total%20of%2026%20persons%20infected%20with%20the%20outbreak%20strain,%2C%20and%20Washington%20(7).
11. https://archive.cdc.gov/www_cdc_gov/salmonella/typhimurium-cantaloupe-08-12/index.html#:~:text=illness%20is%20reported.-,Recall,although%20further%20shipment%20was%20likely.
12. https://archive.cdc.gov/www_cdc_gov/salmonella/2011/ground-beef-2-1-2012.html#:~:text=The%20outbreak%20strain%20of%20Salmonella,Salmonella%20Infection%20for%20more%20details.
13. https://archive.cdc.gov/www_cdc_gov/salmonella/2011/water-frog-7-20-2011.html
14. https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/fpd.2013.1513#:~:text=Between%20July%20and%20September%202011,two%20discrete%20but%20linked%20outbreaks.
15. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23611032/
16. https://outbreakdatabase.com/outbreaks/canterbury-england-unknown-2009
17. https://archive.cdc.gov/www_cdc_gov/salmonella/2009/peanut-butter-2008-2009.html
18. https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/rasff-window/screen/notification/745843
19. https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/rasff-window/screen/notification/673450
20. https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/rasff-window/screen/notification/613462
21. https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/rasff-window/screen/notification/466440
22. https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/rasff-window/screen/notification/522451
23. https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/rasff-window/screen/notification/423186
24. https://www.fda.gov/food/outbreaks-foodborne-illness/outbreak-investigation-salmonella-cucumbers-november-2024
25. https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/rasff-window/screen/notification/643944
26. https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/rasff-window/screen/notification/558911
27. https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/rasff-window/screen/notification/471210
28. https://marlerclark.com/news_events/salmon#:~:text=Peanut%20Corporation%20of%20America%20Peanut%20Butter%20Salmonella%20Outbreak%20Lawsuits%20%2D%20Nationwide,PCA

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