*** This version of Confluence is for testing only and contains a copy of content from June 29th 2026. No changes will be preserved. ***
...
NCBI PD link for serovar Paratyphi B var. L(+) tartrate+: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pathogens/isolates/#(taxgroup_name:%22Salmonella%20enterica%22)%20AND%20computed_types:(%22serotype=Paratyphi%20B%20var.%20L(+)%20tartrate+%22)
Genetic Characteristics: Serovar Paratyphi B has been found to be polyphyletic with four phylogenetic groups identified.
Animal reservoir: Serovar Paratyphi B is almost exclusively host restricted to humans and closely related anthropoids. Serovar Paratyphi B var. Java has been found in dogs.
Geographical distribution: Serovar Paratyphi B has been found in the United States, South America, Iraq, and U.K worldwide.
Outbreaks: Several outbreaks have been associated with S. Paratyphi B.
| Year | Location | Associated Source | Number of Cases | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2015 | US: Multistate | Sprouted nut butter spread | 13 | ||||||
| 2015 | US: Multistate | Frozen raw tuna | 65 | 1986 | UK | Fish-and-chip shop | 3 | ||
| 2012 | US: Multi-state | Smiling Hara tempeh | 89 | 2020 | US: MN | Not identified | 9Multistate | Tempeh | 63 |
| 1999 | Canada | Alfalfa sprouts | 51 | ||||||
| 1986 | UK | Food Handler | 3 |
Border Rejections:
Year | Exporting country | Importing country | Associated source | Product category |
| 2024 | Germany | Italy | Frozen chicken legs | Poultry meat and poultry meat products |
| 2023 | Netherlands | Italy | Frozen chicken mince | Poultry meat and poultry meat products |
| 2021 | Netherlands | Italy | Chicken drumsticks | Poultry meat and poultry meat products |
Recalls:
| Year | Location | Recalled food | Type |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2015 | US: multistateMultistate | Sprouted nut butter spread | Other food product |
| 2012 | US: Multistate | Tempeh | Other food product |
Relevant links and references:
- https://ndc.services.cdc.gov/case-definitions/salmonella-paratyphi-infection-2019/
- https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/microbiology/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2025.1547190/full
- https://archive.cdc.gov/www_cdc_gov/salmonella/paratyphi-b-05-15/index.html
- https://archive.cdc.gov/www_cdc_gov/salmonella/paratyphi-b-12-15/index.htmloftlaw.com/current-outbreaks/october-2020-salmonella-paratyphi-b-outbreak/
- https://www.foodsafetynews.com/2012/tag05/rare-salmonella-paratyphi-b-outbreak-grows-as-investigation-continues/
- https://wwwpublications.gc.ca/collections/Collection/H12-21-27-16.pdf
- https://doi.org/10.1017/S0950268800030843
- https://www.foodsafetynews.com/tag/salmonella-paratyphi-b/health.state.mn.us/news/pressrel/2020/salmonella100920.html
- https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/salmonella-enterica-serovar-paratyphi-b
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2514109/
- https://doi.orgwww.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/mgen/10.10991111/mgenzph.0.00094013174
- https://pubmedwebgate.ncbiec.nlm.nih.gov/2514109/europa.eu/rasff-window/screen/notification/614380
- https://doi.org/10.1111/zph.13174webgate.ec.europa.eu/rasff-window/screen/notification/467929
- https://archive.cdc.gov/www_cdc_gov/salmonella/paratyphi-b-12-15/advice.html