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Genetic characteristics: Serovar Rissen ST469 was found in worldwide such as Thailand, China, Italy. and this sequence type was the most common ST for serovar Rissen. ST8877 was found in Sudan which was isolated from a cracked table egg.
Pornsukarom et al. reported that all Thai Rissen isolates in this study were multidrug-resistant and more than 90% were resistant to ampicillin, sulfisoxazole, tetracycline and streptomycin. Half of Rissen isolates in the USA were pan-sensitive and some of US isolates were resistant to only tetracycline. Wang et al. identified Rissen human isolates (anal swabs or feces) had the common resistance profile as ampicillin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and tetracycline; respectively conferring to resistance genes blaTEM, tetA, and sul3.
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