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Background: Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Muenchen (antigenic formula 6,8:d:1,2) is a serovar of the O:8 (C₂-C₃) serogroup. Serovar Muenchen was first described in 1932 and the first records of its isolation were documented in South and North America. Serovar Muenchen is one of the top 10 serovars responsible for human salmonellosis cases in US. CDC surveillance data indicated that serovar Muenchen represents approximately 2% of salmonellosis infections, ranking eighth among the leading Salmonella serovars. Since 2019, serovar Muenchen has been the most predominant serovar in Israel, identified in clinical, poultry, and food samples. It accounted for over 30% (937 of 3,112) of all clinical Salmonella isolates in 2019 and 39.5% (1,055 of 2,671) in 2020. This serovar was also the most common serovar in beef in Oceania. Between 2001 and 2007, serovar Muenchen ranked as the 15th most frequently isolated Salmonella serovar from humans across 37 countries participating in the WHO Global Foodborne Infections Network laboratory surveillance program.

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³ Sun Orchard issued a recall of its unpasteurized orange juice products. This recall was resulted by a multistate outbreak described above. 

Relevant links:

1. https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/152398/cdc_152398_DS1.pdf
2. https://web.archive.org/web/20030315113355/http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dbmd/phlisdata/salmtab/2001/SalmonellaAnnualSummary2001.pdf
3. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1198743X22002889
4. https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/aem.00591-19
5. https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/fpd.2010.0787?url_ver=Z39.88-2003&rfr_id=ori:rid:crossref.org&rfr_dat=cr_pub%20%200pubmed
6. https://boneandjoint.org.uk/Article/10.1302/0301-620X.46B4.697/pdf
7. https://www.aphis.usda.gov/sites/default/files/swine2006_is_salmonella_1.pdf
8. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4825103/
9. https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/22161
10. https://www.cdc.gov/salmonella/outbreaks/muenchen-03-25/investigation.html#:~:text=This%20means%20that%20people%20in,strain%2C%20also%20linked%20to%20geckos.
11. https://www.food.dtu.dk/english/newsarchive/2024/06/more-outbreaks-of-salmonella-in-2023
12. https://www.foodsafetynews.com/2021/12/salmonella-behind-a-quarter-of-eu-outbreaks-in-2020-with-20000-sickened/
13. https://archive.cdc.gov/#/details?url=https://www.cdc.gov/salmonella/muenchen-02-16/index.html
14. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28494842/
15. https://outbreakdatabase.com/outbreaks/2003-outbreak-of-salmonella-muenchen-linked-to-cantaloupehoneydew-melon
16. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0362028X22009164?via%3Dihub
17. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC88372/
18. https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4827a2.htm
19. https://www1.health.gov.au/internet/main/publishing.nsf/content/cda-cdi2109-pdf-cnt.htm/$FILE/cdi2109b.pdf
20. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0195670182900652#:~:text=An%20outbreak%20of%20Salmonella%20muenchen%20infection%20involving%2028%20children%20and,occurred%20in%20two%20immunodeficient%20patients.
21. https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/rasff-window/screen/notification/654263
22. https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/rasff-window/screen/notification/461765
23. https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/rasff-window/screen/notification/442889
24. https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/rasff-window/screen/notification/432927
25. https://www.foodsafetynews.com/2016/02/123962/
26. https://www.foodsafetynews.com/2013/02/fda-flexes-muscles-to-achieve-kasel-pet-treat-recall/
27. https://marlerclark.com/news_events/sun-orchard-salmonella-outbreak-multistate