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Background: Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Liverpool (antigenic formula 1,3,19:d:e,n,z15) is a serovar of the O:1,3,19 (E4) serogroup. In the 2021 Salmonella outbreak linked to BrightFarms packaged salad greens, one serovar Liverpool isolate with no illnesses linked was recovered from two indoor growing ponds within the same growing house. 

NCBI PD link for serovar Liverpool: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pathogens/isolates/#(taxgroup_name:%22Salmonella%20enterica%22)%20AND%20computed_types:(%22serotype=Liverpool%22)

Genetic characteristics: In an Algerian study, serovar Liverpool isolates they identified belong to sequence types ST1959. Estrada and Harris found that serovar Liverpool strain A (persistent) in their study produced a robust biofilm. Amongst all the isolates Obe et al. tested with MIC QAC of 6.25 ppm before exposure, they found that compared to Kentucky and Enteritidis isolates (2-fold), serovar Liverpool isolate had the highest increment (3-fold) in MIC.  

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2 Salmonella Senftenberg and Salmonella Liverpool were found. Trader Joe’s branded pistachios were recalled. 

3 Diamond Pet Foods issued a recall of Diamond Naturals Small Breed Adult Lamb and Rice Dry Dog Food.  

Relevant links:

  1. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37003534/
  2. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38502796/
  3. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38493873/
  4. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1056617121000581
  5. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17257247/
  6. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0032579120303540
  7. https://www.foodsafetynews.com/2024/10/new-outbreak-of-salmonella-infections-detected-other-investigations-continue/
  8. https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/rasff-window/screen/notification/683485
  9. https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/rasff-window/screen/notification/636000
  10. https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/rasff-window/screen/notification/565571
  11. https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/rasff-window/screen/notification/461211
  12. https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/rasff-window/screen/notification/718210
  13. https://www.foodsafetynews.com/2016/10/fda-warnings-seafood-issues-and-salmonella-in-pistachios/
  14. https://www.cidrap.umn.edu/e-coli/news-scan-salmonellosis-live-chicks-response-2011-euro-e-coli-crisis-salmonella-dog-food