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Genetic characteristics: Serovar Kentucky str. CVM29188 is a multidrug resistant strain that contains three plasmids of 46, 101, and 146 kb. The two large plasmids are conjugative plasmids that carry antimicrobial resistance genes. The largest plasmid of 146 kb shows the same backbone and virulence genes as virulence plasmids of Avian Pathogenic E. coli (APEC). The SGI1-K strain, isolated from Indian spices, is another multidrug resistant strain that contains the resistance genes inserted in the chromosome in a genomic island (Salmonella Genomic Island 1 variant SGI1-K). In Europe and Canada, multidrug ciprofloxacin-resistant serovar Kentucky strains have been found. A highly resistant clone of of S. Kentucky (MLST type ST198), has been reported to be isolated in Canada and in Europe in travelers returning from Asia and Africa. This strain shows resistance to β-lactam antibiotics, carbapenems, quinolones, aminoglycosides, co-trimoxazole (trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole), and to azithromycin. Molecular  Molecular characterization shows a chromosomal chromosomal genomic island carrying the resistance genes that confer resistance to these antimicrobials.

Kentucky ST 152 was found to be predominant in US chickens and appears to show attenuated human virulence. Of 5151 genomes Richards et al. analyzed, 90.3 % were isolated from broilers, while 5.9 %, 3.0% were from humans and cattle, respectively. Notably, two serovar Kentucky-II isolates demonstrated an average 8.6-fold higher replication rate in macrophages compared to Kentucky-I isolates. Phylogenetic and pan-genomic analyses that included completely sequenced S. Kentucky and other Salmonella serovars concluded that S. Kentucky (i) belongs to clade A, according to den Bakker et al. (2011) classification, (ii) appears to have several evolutionary origin, and (iii) contains 127 gene families unique to this serovar. Chen et al. found that serovar Kentucky is a polyphyletic serovar with two lineages identified (Kentucky A and Kentucky B). While Kentucky A is associated with chicken (the majority of isolates are from the US), Kentucky B (the majority of isolates are from the UK) is associated with cattle. There are two clonal subclades identified in the Kentucky B Clade 2. Kentucky ST 152 was found to be predominant in US chickens and appears to show attenuated human virulence. 

Animal reservoir: Chicken is the main reservoir for serovar Kentucky. However, one clade has been found to be associated with cattle. 

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