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Genetic characteristics:

Animal reservoir: Chicken may be the primary reservoir of serovar I 4,[5],12:b:-; however, this serovar has also been isolated from horses in the past.

Geographical distribution: Serovar I 4,[5],12:b:- has been report in Australia, China, Ghana, Europe, and North America including the US and Canada. 

Human outbreaks: 

Year

Location

Associated source

Number of cases

2018

US-: multistate

Kratom powder1

61

2018US-: multistate, CanadaShredded Frozen Coconut226

...

1 The recall was prompted by the multistate outbreak described above. The FDA has compiled a full list of recalled kratom products, but it is currently unavailable.

Relevant links:

  1. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/241693851_Population_Structure_of_Salmonella_enterica_Serovar_4512b-_Strains_and_Likely_Sources_of_Human_Infection
  2. https://archive.cdc.gov/www_cdc_gov/salmonella/kratom-02-18/index.html
  3. https://archive.cdc.gov/#/details?url=https://www.cdc.gov/salmonella/coconut-01-18/index.html