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However, multidrug-resistant strains have been isolated from calves in Australia, showing resistance to ampicillin, sulfonamides, tetracycline, neomycin, kanamycin, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, and streptomycin.

Animal reservoir: S. Bovismorbificans has been Pigs tend to be the main animal reservoir for serovar Bovismorbificans. This serovar was also found in cattle, chicken, sheep, and chickenhorses. 

Geographical distribution: S. Serovar Bovismorbificans has been found in New Zealand, U.S., and Europe.  worldwide.

Human outbreaksOutbreaks: There are multiple outbreaks associated with serovar Bovismorbificans. Here we reported a few as examples. 

Year

Location

Associated source

Number of cases

2022

Greece

Tap water

33

2020

France

Dried pork sausages

33

2018

Netherlands

Raw, smoked, and Coburg ham

54

2016Netherlands, Belgium, and France

Europe: multi-country

Uncooked ham products

63 (54 Dutch, 7 Belgian, 2 French cases)

2011USA - DC, Maryland, Virginia, MichiganUS: multistateTahini9

Border Rejections: Multiple border rejections were found. Here we reported one as example. 

Year

Location
Exporting country

Importing country

Associated

SourceNumber of Cases2023EstoniaChilled chicken legs with backbone from LatviaNA

source

Product category

2021BrazilGermanyBlack pepper1Herbs and spices

1 Both Salmonella Bovismorbificans and Salmonella II 42:r:- were found. 

Recalls: Multiple recalls were reported. Here we selected one as example.

...

1 This recall was caused by a Bovismorbificans outbreak infecting 33 people. Three recalls of dried pork products were addressed in November 2020, influencing eight supermarkets.

References:

  1. https://zslpublications.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1469-7998.1979.tb03972.x
  2. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5765776/
  3. https://wwwjournals.foodnavigatorplos.comorg/Article/2018/01/05/Salmonella-Bovismorbificans-outbreak-linked-to-undercooked-ham?utm_source=newsletter_daily&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=09-Jan-2018&c=p%2FtLw%2B6HDRAJ%2F3NhASKrcg%3D%3D&p2=
  4. https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6146a3.htm
  5. https://www.dairynz.co.nz/animal/cow-health/salmonella/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0087933
  6. https://www.vetfoodmdpi.theclinics.com/article/S0749-0720(08)00092-3/fulltexthttps://www.thevetgroup.com.au/salmonella-in-dairy-herds/1660-4601/21/2/167#:~:text=Results:%20We%20identified%2033%20cases%20
  7. https://pubmedpmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16411901articles/PMC9837855/
  8. https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/rasff-window/screen/notification/600837https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21933168/513983
  9. https://www.foodsafetynews.com/2023/01/french-salmonella-outbreak-study-reveals-dual-contamination/
  10. https://www.mdpifoodnavigator.com/Article/2018/01/05/Salmonella-Bovismorbificans-outbreak-linked-to-undercooked-ham/?utm_source=newsletter_daily&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=09-Jan-2018&c=p%2FtLw%2B6HDRAJ%2F3NhASKrcg%3D%3D&p2=
  11. https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6146a3.htm
  12. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21933168//1660-4601/21/2/167#:~:text=Results:%20We%20identified%2033%20cases%20