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Figure 1 Floc breakup installation
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Figure 2 demonstrates the compared results of residual turbidity with floc breakup and without floc breakup. Obviously, the residual turbidity are lower when breaking the flocs using clamps. At the alum dose 4, 4.6 and 5.2 mg/L, the difference of residual turbidity curve reaches 10 NTU. Both curve seems to fit into the logarithmic trend line -- the one with floc breakup matches the trend line even with a correlation coefficient of 0.9934. The results not only proves that our hypothesis "large flocs are useless" is right but also offers us insight into improving AguaClara's current flocculator design.
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Figure Figure 2 Comparative results of residual turbidity vs. alum dose
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The Predictive model is supposed to be updated based on the experimental data after floc breakup device was installed. An approach to develop this model is to insert trend line to our existing experimental data and pick the best relationship for turbidity removal versus alum dose curve. Figure 3 indicates that the logarithmic type fits the data the best with a regression equation of y = 0.2062x -0.0078 and a relation coefficient of 0.9931.
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Figure 3 Turbidity removal over a range of alum dose with trend line
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Conclusion
The capacity of flocculator is based on it's ability to cause collisions between particles. Breaking large flocs that allow more collisions to happen is helpful to achieve higher turbidity removal. Thus we need to design a special component that can break up flocs at regular intervals. This special component can be a wire mesh set at a size that correlates with the maximum energy dissipation rate or carefully add some baffles in between.