*** This version of Confluence is for testing only and contains a copy of content from June 29th 2026. No changes will be preserved. ***
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The head loss in the tube was determined using the equations for major and minor losses. The equations used in these calculations were found in online AguaClara notes and in Frank M. White's Fluid Mechanics (6th Edition).
The flow through the alum doser exit tubing was determined given user-defined parameters for the dimensions of the alum stock tank, such as height of tank (and thus, height of alum level) and diameter of exit orifice (and thus, diameter for the attached plastic tubing).
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Next, using the previously determined flow through the exit tubing, the flow through the orifice drilled at the center of the attached PVC cap is determined.
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Then, head loss through this system is calculated given the user-inputted value for the wall thickness of the desired PVC cap. This head loss is composed of major losses, and hence shear losses, only.
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Using this information, the necessary flow of alum from the doser based on dimensions given above is determined. Using a stock dose concentration of 1.5 mg/L, the necessary stock concentration is found as well.
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The following section calculates the flow of alum given varying alum stock heights (of 5 inches to 25 inches). The final graph depicts results showing that if alum stock height varies greatly, the flow remains generally within the acceptable flow error. This error stems from the fact that we are not using alum for flocculation.
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