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We based our initial design on empirical granular filtration equations from existing literature on granular filtration. A bench-scale model of our system was built and tested to observe the discrepancy between the actual and the calculated fluidization velocity required to achieve a target bed expansion. We noted an increasing difference between those two sets of values that prompted us to hypothesize that, if we were to base our design on these empirical equations, we need to implement a significant safety factor.
Figure 1: Clear Well Filtration Design
We are discontinuing research of the Sipon-Aided Backwash for the following reasons. It is a pressurized system which prevents the operator from properly observing the operation of the system. It is not economically feasible because it requires either the construction of one large clear well or multiple smaller clear wells. The filtration system itself would require the construction of one large or multiple small filtration systemsClear Well Filtration System because it is not economically feasible due to the large size of the clear well needed to back wash the filters.

Stacked Filtration System

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