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Floc breakup occurs when the energy dissipation is very high. From initial tests done by the AguaClara team, the maximum energy dissipation rate to prevent floc break up was 6 mW/kg. Previous plants (i.e. Cuatro Comunidades), where designed with this constraint and showed heavy sedimentation. Velocity in the manifolds was very low and particles settled here. According to the Ten State Standards, the minimum velocity of water inside a pipe should be 0.15 m/s to prevent sedimentation.
The objective of the new design was to prevent particle settling inside the manifold without increasing the energy dissipation rate to prevent floc breakup. For the final design a pipe manifold was used.
Design parameters of the manifold, results of energy dissipation rate and velocity inside the manifold are shown in the following tables.
Design Parameters
Number of ports |
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15cm | |
Spacing between ports |
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20cm | |
Port Diameter |
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4cm |
Maximun Energy Dissipation Rate (mW/kg) | 7.089 |
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Velocity inside Manifol (m/s) | 0.173 |
Wireframe Image
Conceptual Image
Sludge Drain
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